REFERENCES

Fu, Q., B. Sherwood Lollar, J. Horita, G. Lacrampe-Couloume, and W.E. Seyfried, Abiotic formation of hydrocarbons under hydrothermal conditions: Constraints from

Bagley, B., A. M. Courtier, and J. Revenaugh, Melting in the deep upper mantle oceanward of the Honshu slab,Phys. Earth Planet

For the past century or so, the biological origin of oil seemed to be the accepted norm. However, there remained

Shale gas was considered uneconomic to produce for long time. But technological advancements including horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing are

Etiope, G., A global dataset of onshore gas and oil steps: A new tool for hydrocarbon exploration, Oil and Gas Business, 1-10,

The abiotic oil formation theory states that crude oil is the result of naturally occurring and possibly ongoing geological processes.